What does a governor control in an engine operation?

The governor in an engine plays a crucial role in maintaining and controlling engine speed. It works by adjusting the fuel supply to the engine in response to changes in load and speed requirements. When the speed of the engine rises above a set point, the governor decreases the fuel flow, thus reducing power and bringing the engine speed back down to the desired level. Conversely, if the engine slows down, the governor increases the fuel supply to boost power and restore speed. This regulation ensures efficient engine performance under varying loads, contributing to safety and optimal operation.

While fuel injection timing is important to engine performance, it is not directly managed by the governor. Oil pressure and exhaust flow are vital for engine lubrication and emission control, respectively, but they do not relate to the speed regulation that the governor specifically governs. Therefore, the correct response highlights the primary function of the governor in controlling engine speed, which is essential for maintaining stability and performance in various operating conditions.